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Design and Applied Technology (Secondary 4-6)

1.3.5 Techniques Related to Product Evaluation

A good product design is expected to keep the product’s production cost as economic as

possible. ‘Performance-cost Comparison’ is one of the many tools for verifying the above

expectation. ‘Value Analysis’ can facilitate the reduction of the product cost in case the cost

is considered higher than acceptable.

(a) Performance-cost Comparison

It is easy to obtain details of the performance of a group of similar products from the product

specifications and compare these with their prices / costs. If the performances of two products

are similar, the one with higher price / cost is inferior to the other one, hence, the former will

be less competitive in the market. Cost reduction is necessary in order to improve its

competitiveness. The following technique is useful for cost reduction and increasing

performance / value.

(b) Value Analysis

The technique is to improve either the product quality or the production cost. It addresses the

improvement of design at the research, design and production stages of product development.

In addition to immediate and obvious cost reduction, it may bring along with other benefits,

such as

(i) Reduced complexity of the product;

(ii) Standardization of components and parts; and

(iii) Improvement of functional aspects of the product.

Value analysis is to improve a product by focusing on critical customer requirements in an

optimal manner. In many cases, an effectively managed value analysis program can reduce

production costs from 15% to 50%, without sacrificing the quality.

S T O P A N D T H I N K

(a) Describe what a product evaluation presentation will include.

(b) Create an evaluation matrix for the 6-leg spider as shown below.

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